Commercial Arbitration is an alternate method of settling business disputes by submitting them to a neutral third party, an arbitrator, who is typically appointed by either of the parties mutually or pursuant to the Arbitration clause. Commercial arbitration enables the parties to avoid going to court. The process is private and, subject to the parties' consent, can be kept confidential. It provides a flexible and effective method for settling conflicts both domestically and globally. The arbitral process demonstrates the triangle configuration of a tribunal whose jurisdiction stems from an international treaty signed between the host state and the state of which the investor is a national. Investment arbitrations are frequently initiated with a Bilateral Investment Treaty claim, defence, and factual or legal arguments within the framework of those outlined contentions. Supporting materials will be gathered, opposed, and evaluated. The issue is often approached with intensity and emphasis. The decision of the arbitral tribunal is final and binding. The award is enforceable.

Arbitration is a significant alternative dispute resolution method utilized in the construction sector. Many construction conflicts include elements that may make them difficult to litigate in court, such as numerous individual claims, copious data and records, several parties, technically and logistically complex challenges, and industry-specific legal concepts. Arbitration offers flexibility, control, and other benefits that can speed up the resolution of these conflicts. For these reasons, arbitration is the most common method of dispute settlement in the construction industry. The parties may appoint an arbitrator, after which a hearing may be held, and the arbitrator is not constrained by legal principles, including evidence standards. The decision is final, and the award must be respected.

Investment Arbitration is a procedure for resolving disputes between international investors and host governments. The tribunal's authority stems from an international treaty signed by the host state and the state of which the investor is a national. Bilateral investment treaties are frequently used to bring investment arbitrations. The arbitration begins when the investor files a request for arbitration. The next step is to nominate the arbitral tribunal: in the majority of cases, each party picks one arbitrator, and the arbitrators recommended by the parties then select a president of the arbitral tribunal. After the arbitral panel has been established, the proceedings can commence. 

During the proceedings, the parties will exchange memorials that include their legal and factual arguments. Typically, there are two brief exchanges: the memorial, the counter-memorial, the reply, and the rejoinder, all supported by witness statements, expert reports, and documentary evidence. Furthermore, the parties usually agree on a document disclosure phase in which each party can request papers. Finally, the tribunal will conduct a hearing. It may then need post-hearing submissions instead of, or in addition to, closing arguments during the evidentiary hearing. Finally, the tribunal will evaluate all of these factors before issuing an award.